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Ellie Cook – NEWSWEEK Dec 1, 2025

Russia has hit back at comments from NATO’s top military commander after he suggested the alliance could launch “pre-emptive” strikes against Moscow, in the context of tactics like cyberattacks or sabotage.

Why It Matters

Admiral Giuseppe Cavo Dragone, the chair of NATO’s military committee, told the Financial Times the alliance was mulling over “being more aggressive or being proactive instead of reactive.”

A “pre-emptive” move from NATO could be deemed “defensive” but would be a step away from how the alliance would typically operate, the Italian admiral added.

What To Know

Dragone’s remarks are “an extremely irresponsible step, indicating the readiness of the alliance to continue to move toward escalation,” Maria Zakharova, a spokesperson for Moscow’s Foreign Ministry, said in comments reported by state media on Monday.

Newsweek has reached out to NATO for comment.

NATO officials say the alliance is hammered by cyberattacks on a daily basis, some of which can be traced back to Moscow. Cyber is one strand of what is known as hybrid warfare, or tactics that fall short of open fighting. They can also refer to information campaigns, weaponizing migration or targeting critical infrastructure.

NATO in January said it would beef up its presence in the Baltic, including operating more frigates and maritime patrol aircraft, shortly after a spate of suspected sabotage incidents linked to Russia’s “shadow fleet” of sanctions-skirting oil tankers. Several undersea cables were cut or damaged in November and December 2024, including four data cables and a major power link on December 25.

Dragone said the pumped up NATO presence, referred to as Baltic Sentry, was “working.”

“From the beginning of Baltic Sentry, nothing has happened,” he said.

A Finnish court in October dismissed the case against the crew of the Eagle S, a Cook Islands-flagged tanker that faced charges of aggravated criminal mischief and aggravated interference with communications over the Christmas Day damage. Prosecutors had alleged that the tanker had dragged its anchor along the seabed for roughly 56 miles. The crew denied wrongdoing.

“It was not possible to apply Finnish criminal law to the case,” the Finnish court said. Dragone told the FT legal frameworks and problems over jurisdiction made working out how to be “aggressive” more complex.

NATO countries are still working out who is responsible for policing areas vulnerable to sabotage, like the Baltic and North Seas.

Roughly 20 drones crossed into NATO member Poland in September, when Warsaw triggered the alliance’s Article 4. This means member nations come together to discuss “whenever, in the opinion of any of them, the territorial integrity, political independence or security of any of the Parties is threatened.”

Moscow said at the time it had not deliberately targeted the country, but Polish Prime Minister Donald Tusk said the incident marked “the closest we have been to open conflict since World War II.” Both NATO and the European Union are working on fortifying anti-drone defenses.

What People Are Saying

“Being more aggressive compared with the aggressivity of our counterpart could be an option,” said Admiral Giuseppe Cavo Dragone, the chair of NATO’s military committee.

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