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  6.  » US, UK carry out strikes against Yemen’s Houthis following Red Sea attacks

An RAF Typhoon takes off from an RAF Akrotiri to join joint air strikes against the Houthi

Jared Szuba – Al-Monitor Jan 11, 2024

The United States and the United Kingdom carried out precision strikes on a dozen military sites used by the Houthis in Yemen on Thursday night in response to the group’s continued attacks on commercial cargo ships and tankers in the Red Sea since the outbreak of the Gaza war.

US and UK combat aircraft, joined by US warships and at least one submarine fired more than 100 precision-guided munitions, including Tomahawk cruise missiles, starting around 2:30 a.m. local time Friday, suppressing air defenses by targeting radar systems, two US defense officials told Al-Monitor.

More than 60 targets, including facilities used by the Houthis to store and launch drones, cruise and ballistic missiles, were struck at 16 different locations, US Central Command said following the attacks.

The targets were chosen specifically in order to disrupt the Houthis’ ability to continue to their attacks on commercial shipping in the Red Sea while minimizing risk to civilians, defense officials said. While a formal damage assesment remained underway, one US military official said the strikes had “significantly degraded” the Houthis’ capabilities.

“Today, at my direction, US military forces — together with the United Kingdom and with support from Australia, Bahrain, Canada and the Netherlands — successfully conducted strikes against a number of targets in Yemen used by Houthi rebels to endanger freedom of navigation in one of the world’s most vital waterways,” US President Joe Biden said in a statement following the strikes.

“These strikes are in direct response to unprecedented Houthi attacks against international maritime vessels in the Red Sea — including the use of anti-ship ballistic missiles for the first time in history,” Biden’s statement read.

The Houthis have lobbed more than 80 drones and anti-ship missiles into commercial shipping lanes in and around the southern Red Sea in more than two dozen attacks since they hijacked a vessel and took its crew captive in mid-November. The rebel group carried out its largest attack yet into shipping lanes on Tuesday, less than a week after the US and a dozen allies issued an ultimatum to the Iran-armed Yemeni faction to stop.

A UK Royal Navy destroyer, aided by US warships and F/A-18 aircraft, shot down 18 drones and three missiles over the Red Sea in that attack. Biden on Thursday said the Jan. 9 barrage directly targeted American ships.

“Today’s coalition action sends a clear message to the Houthis that they will bear further costs if they do not end their illegal attacks,” US Defense Secretary Lloyd Austin said following the allied strikes.

The US and ten other countries released a statement saying Thursday’s strikes were carried out “in accordance with the inherent right of individual and collective self-defense, consistent with the UN Charter.”

The Houthis have hit three cargo ships since commencing their maritime attacks, though none have sunk and no personnel have been reported injured.

But the attacks have significantly disrupted commercial traffic in the key economic waterway, through which an estimated 12-15% of global trade passes. The faction has claimed it is targeting shipping linked to Israel in response to Israel’s war in the Gaza Strip, though Western officials have said most ships had no such connection.

No commercial vessels have been hit in the Red Sea since the United States stood up allied patrols in the Red Sea under Operation Prosperity Guardian in mid-December.

“If not for this defensive mission, we have no doubt that ships would have been struck, perhaps even sunk, including, in one case, a commercial ship full of jet fuel,” a senior administration official told reporters on Thursday night.

The US-led strikes signaled a new escalation from Washington after the Biden White House has avoided for weeks authorizing plans to bomb Houthi targets, largely out of concern the strikes could escalate simmering tensions with Iran’s proxies amid Israel’s war in Gaza.

Biden convened with his national security team on the morning of Jan. 1 after Houthi gunboats attacked a Danish-owned commercial tanker and then turned their guns and opened fire on US Navy helicopters hovering nearby. The US helicopters sank three of the gunboats, killing 10 Houthi personnel.

In that discussion, the US president directed top advisers to accelerate diplomatic efforts at the United Nations to condemn the Houthis while preparing a multinational coalition for a potential military response.

On Jan. 4, the United States along with a dozen allies and Singapore publicly warned the Houthis that they “will bear the responsibility of the consequences” if they continue their attacks.

Following the thwarted attack on Tuesday, President Biden again convened his top national security aides and directed Austin to carry out the strikes. “There is no intent to escalate the situation. The aim is to degrade the ability of the Houthis to continue carrying out these reckless attacks,” the senior official added

 

On Wednesday, the United Nations Security Council passed a resolution calling on the Houthis to end their attacks and condemning any party arming them. US officials have said Iran has provided the weaponry as well as intelligence to directly enable the attacks.

“Iran has been involved operationally in the conduct of these attacks,” the senior administration official said, adding, “We believe that they have been certainly involved in every phase of this.”

Ahead of the US strikes on Thursday, local Yemeni reports said Houthi forces evacuated the Hodeidah area along with their weapons. On Wednesday, an Iranian spy ship based in the southern Red Sea passed through the Bab al-Mandeb strait, exiting the area, according to open source tracking.

It was not immediately clear whether any casualties resulted from the US and UK strikes on Thursday. But the selected targets were located in areas in which civilians were not assessed to be present, according to one US defense official.

“Four RAF Typhoon FGR4s, supported by a Voyager air refueling tanker… used Paveway IV guided bombs to conduct precision strikes on two of these Houthi facilities,” the UK Defense Ministry announced.

“One was a site at Bani in northwestern Yemen used to launch reconnaissance and attack drones,” the ministry said. “A number of buildings involved in drone operations were targeted by our aircraft.”

The UK aircraft also hit “several key targets,” including cruise-missile and drone launch sites, at an airfield at Abbs, in Yemen’s far northwest corner near the Saudi border.

US officials would not specify what support the other countries provided for the strikes. One senior US military official described their contribution as “non-operational.”

The attacks marked the first time since 2016 that the US has directly retaliated against the Houthis. Since ousting Yemen’s central government in 2015, the faction has wrested control of much of the country’s population centers, in defiance of a US-backed Saudi-led military campaign.

The new US and UK strikes come amid peak tensions in the region between Israel, the United States and its allies on one side and Iran and the bevy of proxy militias it arms across the region, on the other.

British Prime Minister Rishi Sunak approved UK strikes on the Houthis following an emergency call with his cabinet on Thursday. Sunak’s meeting came just a few hours after the US military confirmed the Iran-backed rebels had launched another anti-ship ballistic missile into commercial shipping lanes around 2:00 a.m. local time in the Gulf of Aden, despite renewed warnings from Washington and London earlier in the week.

The US military said Thursday’s attack was the 27th carried out by the Houthis in international shipping lanes since Nov. 19, 2023.

Earlier on Thursday, as news reports emerged that the US and UK were approaching a decision on conducting strikes, Houthi leader Abdul Malik al-Houthi threatened to retaliate for any such attacks on his forces.

“Any American aggression will never remain without a response,” al-Houthi said, adding that it “will be greater than” the Jan. 9 attack that targeted US vessels, according to Houthi-controlled Saba news agency.

American officials on Thursday night said they had not seen signs of retaliation by the Houthis or other Iran-backed factions, but emphasized that US forces remained ready. “We would not be surprised to see some sort of response,” the senior administration official said.

 

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