Above: the US Navy, in collaboration with the US Army, conducts a static fire test of the first stage of the newly developed 34.5″ common hypersonic missile that will be fielded by both services, in Promontory, Utah, US, in this handout image taken on October 28, 2021. (Reuters)<\/p>\n
US efforts to catch up with China and Russia in developing hypersonic weapons may be set back after Lockheed Martin Corp.\u2019s air-launched missile suffered three consecutive test failures that left it on a tight schedule.<\/p>\n
That\u2019s put in doubt the Pentagon\u2019s goal to declare it America\u2019s first combat-ready hypersonic weapon and approve initial production by September 30.<\/p>\n
China and Russia have conducted test launches and fielded their versions of the new weapons, which can travel five times the speed of sound and maneuver in flight like a cruise missile, making them harder to detect and shoot down.<\/p>\n
The US weapon faces several hurdles in a development phase now expected to cost at least $1.4 billion before it can be found to have \u201cearly operation capability. The Air Force hasn\u2019t yet released an estimate of total acquisition costs or said how many of the weapons it wants.<\/p>\n
The latest hurdle: successfully conducting a fourth and fifth test of its booster motor by June 30. Their timing will be contingent on the results of a failure review board for the third test that was to be complete by the end of last month, according to the Air Force program office.<\/p>\n
If successful, those tests would be followed by the program\u2019s key flight test of a fully operational missile between July and September. Added to that is completion of a production readiness review to assess Lockheed\u2019s capability to manufacture and integrate hardware for delivery.<\/p>\n
The hypersonic Air-Launched Rapid Response Weapon is a fast-track \u201crapid prototype program that\u2019s intended to cut months, if not years, off its development and deployment in the face of rapid progress by adversaries. The weapon is intended to be dropped from a B-52H bomber and accelerated by its booster motor before a solid glide body separates and flies at hypersonic speeds to its target.<\/p>\n
Russia said last month that it test-fired a hypersonic missile, sending a message to the U.S. and NATO allies in advance of its invasion of Ukraine. Defense Minister Sergei Shoigu has asserted that hypersonic weapons will make up the core of Russia\u2019s non-nuclear deterrence capability in the future. The US says Russia has deployed its Avangard Hypersonic Glide Vehicle and its Tsirkon hypersonic anti-ship and land-attack missile.<\/p>\n
China is investing heavily in hypersonic weapons as well, putting one in orbit in July that flew 25,000 miles (40,000 kilometers) in more than 100 minutes of flight, according to the top US nuclear commander.<\/p>\n
Russia and China are able to press ahead on new weapons without the oversight by lawmakers and the public that can slow testing and deployment under the Pentagon\u2019s acquisition system.<\/p>\n
Heidi Shyu, the Defense Department\u2019s undersecretary for research and engineering, said through a spokesperson that she\u2019s \u201csupportive of the Air Force\u2019s aggressive efforts to accelerate development,\u201d but \u201cthe September 30 operational capability date is a very aggressive schedule.\u201d<\/p>\n
The Air Force is also hedging its bets on the declaration date. Its program office said in a statement it \u201ccontinues to aggressively pursue an early operational capability \u201cwhile maintaining high standards of technical rigor.\u201d<\/p>\n
In spite of the test failures to date, \u201cit is still possible to provide that capability\u201d in late calendar year 2022 provided future flight testing concludes as per the current plan. The flight test program \u201chas successfully demonstrated a number of first-time events,\u201d it said.<\/p>\n
A production decision on the first 12 missiles that was previously planned for January is on hold pending the results of the December failure review, the two additional booster motor tests and the full-missile flight. The program office said it \u201cwill not award a production contract without a Production Readiness Review and a successful All Up Round Test Flight.<\/p>\n
\u201cTo date, the team has not found any systemic quality issues at Lockheed or its subcontractors that caused the test failures,\u201d the program office said.<\/p>\n
The three failures so far have occurred during limited exercises focused on demonstrating the performance of the missile\u2019s booster motor after separating from the bomber but without the hardened glide-body warhead of an operational missile.<\/p>\n
The remaining schedule of increasing complexity to meet a Sept. 30 declaration \u201cleaves little to no room for test delays or additional flight failures, and so it will likely be challenging, said Kelley Sayler, an analyst in advanced technology such as hypersonics.<\/p>\n
Cristina Vite, a spokesman for Bethesda, Maryland-based Lockheed, said in an email that \u201cthe joint government and Lockheed Martin team closely reviews every test to ensure quality measures remain in place.\u201d She said that with each test the missile \u201ccontinues to gain significant technical maturity while accomplishing many first-time milestones.\u201d<\/p>\n
Lockheed was awarded an initial $480 million development contract in April 2018 that was broadened in December 2019 to $986 million.<\/p>\n
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