{"id":208921,"date":"2020-06-17T06:17:08","date_gmt":"2020-06-17T06:17:08","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.thetruthseeker.co.uk\/?p=208921"},"modified":"2020-06-19T06:27:10","modified_gmt":"2020-06-19T06:27:10","slug":"trumps-caesar-style-siege-on-syria-a-sign-of-impending-regional-failure","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thetruthseeker.co.uk\/?p=208921","title":{"rendered":"Trump\u2019s \u2018Caesar\u2019 Style Siege on Syria, A Sign of Impending Regional Failure"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Tim Anderson \u2013 <a href=\"https:\/\/russia-insider.com\/en\/trumps-caesar-style-siege-syria-sign-impending-regional-failure\/ri30676\">Russia Insider June 16, 2020<\/a><\/strong><\/h1>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-168637\" src=\"https:\/\/www.thetruthseeker.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/04\/Trump-targeting-Syria.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"540\" height=\"284\" \/><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ccffff;\">Would be emperor Donald Trump has announced the \u2018Caesar Syrian Civilian Protection Act\u2019, to tighten the genocidal siege on the Syrian people. Without a hint of irony, this new edict imposes even more serious obstacles to the Syrian people getting access to energy, food and medicines, while claiming its purpose is to \u2018protect\u2019 those same people.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ccffff;\">However the move comes as (1) a shrinking US military presence faces resistance attacks in both Syria and Iraq, (2) Washington\u2019s allies are abandoning the US-led \u2018coalition\u2019 in Iraq, (3) Trump has undermined his local allies in Lebanon and Iraq, by threats and economic turmoil, (4) US open support for further ethnic cleansing in Palestine has helped drive the international image of Apartheid Israel to an all-time low, (5) European states have serious tensions with Washington over US-driven economic wars on Iran, Russia and China, and (6) US allies including the UAE and Kuwait are re-establishing their ties with Damascus.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ccffff;\">In these circumstances, the enhanced siege of Syria seems a desperate measure and, far from an assertion of strength, more a signal of looming failure. The \u2018New Middle East\u2019 project, started by Bush, developed by Obama and inherited by Trump, is in very poor shape. Trump initially spoke of a pragmatic withdrawal from Syria but, since he took office, has only managed to sink deeper into a series of multiple failing interventions across the region: in Palestine, Lebanon, Syria, Iraq, Iran, and Yemen.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ccffff;\">The reference to \u2018Caesar\u2019 in the latest measures against Syria is not to the Roman Emperors \u2013 emulated in their arrogance by the Orange Man in Washington \u2013 but to an anonymous Syrian defector at the center of a war propaganda scam a few years back. Using photos of dead bodies from a central Damascus morgue, those waging war on Syria claimed that all were victims of \u2018regime\u2019 torture (Black 2014; SJAC 2020). This is the way the worst of criminals try to vilify their victims, and so distract attention from their own ongoing crimes.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ccffff;\">However, as Syria has been under severe siege from both the US and the EU for more than eight years, we must ask: what is the purpose of the new measures? The answer lies in expanded economic war on the entire region, and in Washington\u2019s fear that some of its allies are breaking ranks to normalize relations with Damascus (Christou and Abdulssattar Ibrahim 2020). Is this a \u2018last gasp\u2019 (Souri 2020) of Washington\u2019s failing \u2018New Middle East\u2019 gambits? Escalation while losing does signal desperation.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ccffff;\">The new US \u2018Caesar\u2019 law pretends to give global power to the US President to impose fines and confiscate the assets of those, anywhere in the world, who \u201csupport or engage in a significant transaction\u201d with the Syrian government. This is part of an omnibus law called the National Defence Authorisation Act (NDAA) (SJAC 2020) which, in typical US fashion, has nothing to do with its name, either regarding \u2018defense\u2019 or \u2018protection\u2019.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ccffff;\">None of this really adds much pressure to Syria\u2019s allies like Russia, Iran, China, Venezuela, and Cuba, who already face similar economic aggression. However, it does have a focus on US allies in Europe and the Persian Gulf. Several European states, after expressing dissatisfaction with the constant US wars, aggravations and interventions, have sent representatives to discuss renewed relations with Damascus. At the same time, Kuwait and the United Arab Emirates (both former sponsors of jihadist terrorists in Syria) have reopened their embassies in Damascus and are investing in reconstruction projects (Reuters 2019).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ccffff;\">Meantime the US has blocked UN agencies from financing reconstruction projects in Syria (Lund 2018), including blocking UNESCO help for reconstruction of the World Heritage cities of Aleppo and Palmyra. This contrasts sharply with the UNESCO funding of reconstruction projects in the (non-World Heritage) city of Mosul in Iraq (UNESCO 2019).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ccffff;\">The WHO has noted, since 2017, that US-EU sanctions have damaged Syrians\u2019 access to essential medicines, including those for children with cancer (Nehme 2017; Xinhua 2019). The UN Rapporteur on Human Rights issued a report in 2018 which said:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ccffff;\">\u201cPrior to the current crisis, Syria enjoyed some of the highest levels of care in the region.\u00a0 The demands created by the crisis have overwhelmed the system, and created extraordinarily high levels of need.\u00a0 Despite this, restrictive measures, particularly those related to the banking system, have harmed the ability of Syria to purchase and pay for medicines, equipment, spare parts and software.\u00a0 While theoretical exemptions exist, in practice international private companies are unwilling to jump the hurdles necessary to ensure they can transact with Syria without being accused of inadvertently violating the restrictive measures\u201d (OHCHR 2018).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ccffff;\">The Trump regime \u2013 mired in a terrible COVID19 epidemic said to have killed over 110,000 people in the US alone, and racked with demonstrations after the latest in a series of racist police murders \u2013 has chosen this time to add to the suffering of the Syrian people. Unable to topple the government in Damascus, Washington seeks to prevent other countries from helping with critical needs or in post-war reconstruction.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ccffff;\">The rationale this time (for a 2016 Bill finalized in 2020) is revival of the \u2018Caesar\u2019 scandal of January 2014. Here a defector paid by Qatar (at that time a major investor in anti-Damascus terrorism) launched a propaganda stunt with several photos of dead bodies, some with marks of torture. The New York Times said those photos represented \u201cmore than 11,000 bodies in 55,000 photographs \u2026 from the secret jails of Syria\u2019s president, Bashar al-Assad, [which] suggest that torture, starvation and execution are widespread and even systematic\u201d (Hubbard and Kirkpatrick 2014). However, the paper also admitted: \u201conly a few photographs have actually been released by lawyers commissioned by the Qatari government, an avowed opponent of Mr. Assad, and the claims about their origins could not be independently verified\u201d (Hubbard and Kirkpatrick 2014). There was only one witness, \u2018Caesar\u2019, and his identity was hidden.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ccffff;\">Nonetheless, the clear impression given was that as many as 11,000 people had been tortured to death by the Syrian government. The British Guardian shrieked \u201cclear evidence of \u2026 industrial scale killing\u201d (Black 2014). Some months later, the Holocaust Museum in Washington hosted an exhibition of \u201c10 or so photographs\u201d, said to be part of the cache of more than 55,000 images. Cameron Hudson, director of the Center for the Prevention of Genocide, said the exhibition intended to show \u201cthe kind of systematic, organized and industrial nature of the killings\u201d (Jalabi 2014).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ccffff;\">But it was all a sham. Later the following year this display was exposed as yet another war propaganda stunt. Although the full cache of photos was never made public: (1) some or all of the photos were shown to have come from the central Damascus morgue, at the Military 601 Hospital; (2) they constituted about 10% of those killed in the US-led war, by that time; and (3) the US-based group Human Rights Watch, having gained access to the file and while attempting to maintain the original story, admitted that almost half the photos were \u201cimages of dead army soldiers or members of the security forces\u201d, or \u201ccrime scene photographs \u2026 of those who were victims of \u201cexplosions, assassinations of security officers, fires, and car bombs\u201d (HRW 2015). So much for the 11,000 victims of \u201ctorture, starvation and execution\u201d story. There were plenty of dead bodies in Syria, but they were victims of the US-led war and of mendacious war propaganda.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ccffff;\">Since Human Rights Watch (HRW) made this admission a virtual footnote, trying to maintain the myth of \u201cindustrial scale\u201d killings, and since only a few photos have ever been released, we only have the HRW admission that 24,568 of the alleged 53,275 photos (46%) were certainly not \u2018opposition\u2019 figures. As HRW worked with the US-funded opposition to prepare its report, it seems likely that even this is a distorted picture.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ccffff;\">Total war dead in Syria by that time were probably in excess of 100,000. Relying on the opposition-linked and England-based \u2018Syrian Observatory for Human Rights\u2019, McClatchy reported in June 2013 that \u201cat least 96,431 people have lost their lives in the more than two years of violence that\u2019s wracked Syria\u201d (Enders 2013). The photos were said to cover from May 2011 to August 2013. So the fact that the central morgue in Damascus had photographs of around 10% of the dead is hardly surprising.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ccffff;\">The Caesar scam paralleled repeated claims that Syrian President Bashar al Assad was somehow responsible for all the deaths in Syria, even when his fanatical opponents showed multiple videos of their own executions of Syrian soldiers and civilians, and when senior US officials openly admitted that their allies were arming and financing all the internationally banned terrorist groups in Syria (Anderson 2019: 71-76).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ccffff;\">Observing the HRW admissions, a US commentator noted the pattern of fabricated war stories, used to back US interventions. Historically, \u201cthey all had the goal of manipulating public opinion and they all succeeded in one way or another \u2026 [yet] none of the perpetrators were punished or paid any price.\u201d In the case of the Caesar fraud, based on the word of one anonymous defector, the scam was announced: \u201con 20 January 2014, two days before [U.N.] negotiations about the Syrian conflict were scheduled to begin in Switzerland\u201d (Sterling 2015). Washington never wanted a peace settlement in Syria until they had toppled the independent Syrian Government.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ccffff;\">Six years later, in the circumstances of 2020, the Trump regime had enhanced the economic war on all independent forces of the region, a war set in train by Bush and Obama. There was a \u201cmaximum pressure\u201d siege on Iran and full blockades of Syria, Palestine, and Yemen alongside coercive measures targeting resistance groups in Iraq and Lebanon. Washington then tried to condemn attempts at \u2018money laundering\u2019, as the peoples of the region simply sought to breathe.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ccffff;\">Yet the Middle East footholds of the US occupation and its proxies have diminished greatly in recent years and there is discontent amongst Washington\u2019s allies. In 2006, when Israel made its ill-fated decision to again invade Lebanon, hoping to destroy the Lebanese resistance, there were 180,000 US troops in the region, most of them in Iraq (Soleimani 2019). By mid-2020 Trump had 5,200 troops in Iraq; and the Pentagon wanted to halve that number. Further, after Iran\u2019s strikes on the US airbase in Iraq at Ayn al Assad, US allies have been abandoning the US-led coalition in Iraq (Rubin, Jakes and Schmitt 2020). The Iraqi parliament has demanded a complete US withdrawal.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ccffff;\">Trump\u2019s response has been to increase the arrogance with which he commands Washington\u2019s \u2018allies\u2019, having split with the Europeans over the nuclear deal reached with Iran in 2015 and still demanding that Germany reject Russia\u2019s NordStream gas project (Schulz 2020). That sort of arrogant pressure will likely spark a reaction.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ccffff;\">The Caesar law extends Washington\u2019s existing comprehensive sanctions against Syria by threatening to freeze the assets of third parties who engage with Damascus (Christou and Abdulssattar Ibrahim 2020). Prior to this Washington had relied on \u201cverbal threats and private warnings to discourage governments in Europe and the Gulf from re-engaging politically with Damascus\u201d or investing in Syria (SJAC 2020). But how long can such threats keep US allies in line?<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ccffff;\">Syria\u2019s Foreign Ministry said the US was \u201cpracticing economic terrorism\u201d against Syria and held Washington \u201cresponsible for the suffering of the Syrians and the impact of sanctions on their livelihoods\u201d (Xinhuanet 2020). Despite almost a decade of war and sanctions, Damascus maintains subsidies on food, free public schools and a free public health system.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ccffff;\">As with other US unilateral coercive measures (e.g. against Cuba, Iran and Venezuela), the US response to criticism of the siege measures is typically that there are \u2018humanitarian exemptions\u2019 in their laws (SJAC 2020). However, this means an appeal to the US President who \u2013 like Caesar in the Colosseum \u2013 might see fit to \u2018waive\u2019 his own punishments.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ccffff;\">Even sources unsympathetic to Syria acknowledge that, while the US unilateral coercive measures (\u2018sanctions\u2019) \u201cdo not technically prevent the import \u2026 of food and medicine, \u2026 the cost of doing business within such a complicated legal regime, alongside fears of inadvertently violating sanctions, has raised the prices of basic goods and contributed to a shortage in medical goods and treatment\u201d. Aron Lund of the US-based Century Foundation added \u201cpeople sometimes don\u2019t even apply for those exemptions\u201d (Christou and Abdulssattar Ibrahim 2020).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ccffff;\">Washington is not worried about the impact of the coercive measures on the Syrian population, because deprivation and hardship is exactly what is intended. The US has a long history of imposing unilateral coercive measures on independent states, aimed at harming entire populations in the hope of provoking political unrest (Anderson 2019: 35-39). In the case of the Caesar law, US envoy James Jeffrey admitted that the recent fall in the Syrian pound was \u201cbecause of our procedures\u201d (Syria Times 2020), threatening the Syrian Government with ongoing siege if they did not cut their ties with Iran and the Lebanese resistance (MEMO 2020). But those ties are precisely what has prevented Syria becoming another Libya, with no protective state, rampant sectarian gangs and open air slave markets.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ccffff;\">The US can inflict substantial economic damage on small countries like Syria, in the short term, flouting international law and using the famous doublespeak of \u2018helping\u2019 the very same people they are attacking. That has already imposed a huge burden on the people of Syria and Lebanon.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ccffff;\">But Washington\u2019s medium term prospects do not look so good. It faces increased cooperation between the region\u2019s independent states and peoples (Iran, Iraq, Syria, Lebanon, Yemen and Palestine) and also cross continental cooperation, as shown by Iran\u2019s recent tanker aid to Venezuela (Al Jazeera 2020).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ccffff;\">Further, Russia and China have deepened their roles in the Middle East, in the wake of the multiple, unpopular US interventions. That includes Chinese and Russian military cooperation with Iran (Westcott and Alkhshali 2019) and the construction of a new China-led financial architecture, which seems increasingly necessary to break the cycle of endless war (Rae 2020; Doshi 2020; Ito 2018; Adler and Bessner 2020). This will eventually include greater distance from the US dollar and some alternatives to the US-dominated SWIFT (financial transfer) system. The Europeans do not yet have sufficient independence to break with their Atlantic \u2018partner\u2019, but they may well take advantage of Russia or China-led initiatives which manage to subvert US financial monopolies.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #ccffff;\"><strong>&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ccffff;\"><strong>References<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ccffff;\">Adler, David and Daniel Bessner (2020) \u2018To End Forever War, End the Dollar\u2019s Global Dominance\u2019, New Republic, 28 January, online:\u00a0<a style=\"color: #ccffff;\" href=\"https:\/\/newrepublic.com\/article\/156325\/end-forever-war-end-dollars-global-dominance\">https:\/\/newrepublic.com\/article\/156325\/end-forever-war-end-dollars-global-dominance<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ccffff;\">Al Jazeera (2020) \u2018Iran ready to ship more fuel to Venezuela despite US &#8216;threats&#8217;\u2019, 1 June, online:\u00a0<a style=\"color: #ccffff;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2020\/06\/iran-ready-ship-fuel-venezuela-threats-200601082627973.html\">https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2020\/06\/iran-ready-ship-fuel-venezuela-threats-200601082627973.html<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ccffff;\">Anderson, Tim (2019) Axis of Resistance: towards an independent Middle East\u2019, Clarity Press, Atlanta (GA)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ccffff;\">Black, Ian (2014) \u2018Syrian regime document trove shows evidence of \u201cindustrial scale\u201d killing of detainees\u2019, The Guardian, 22 January, online:\u00a0<a style=\"color: #ccffff;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2014\/jan\/20\/evidence-industrial-scale-killing-syria-war-crimes\">https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2014\/jan\/20\/evidence-industrial-scale-killing-syria-war-crimes<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ccffff;\">Christou, Will and Mohammad Abdulssattar Ibrahim (2020) \u2018The Caesar Act: the beginning or end of US Syria policy?\u2019, Syria Direct, 5 January, online:\u00a0<a style=\"color: #ccffff;\" href=\"https:\/\/syriadirect.org\/news\/the-caesar-act-beginning-or-end-of-us-syria-policy\/\">https:\/\/syriadirect.org\/news\/the-caesar-act-beginning-or-end-of-us-syria-policy\/<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ccffff;\">Doshi, Rush (2020) \u2018China&#8217;s Ten-Year Struggle against U.S. Financial Power\u2019, National Bureau of Asian Research, 6 January, online:\u00a0<a style=\"color: #ccffff;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nbr.org\/publication\/chinas-ten-year-struggle-against-u-s-financial-power\/\">https:\/\/www.nbr.org\/publication\/chinas-ten-year-struggle-against-u-s-financial-power\/<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ccffff;\">Enders, David (2013) \u2018Assad backers reportedly make up 43 percent of dead in Syria\u2019, McClatchy, 3 June, online:\u00a0<a style=\"color: #ccffff;\" href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20151109132933\/http:\/www.mcclatchydc.com\/news\/nation-world\/world\/middle-east\/article24749608.html\">https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20151109132933\/http:\/\/www.mcclatchydc.com\/news\/nation-world\/world\/middle-east\/article24749608.html<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ccffff;\">HRW (2015) \u2018If the Dead Could Speak: Mass Deaths and Torture in Syria\u2019s Detention Facilities\u2019, Human Rights Watch, 16 December, online:\u00a0<a style=\"color: #ccffff;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/report\/2015\/12\/16\/if-dead-could-speak\/mass-deaths-and-torture-syrias-detention-facilities\">https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/report\/2015\/12\/16\/if-dead-could-speak\/mass-deaths-and-torture-syrias-detention-facilities<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ccffff;\">Hubbard, Ben and David D. Kirkpatrick (2014) \u2018Photo Archive Is Said to Show Widespread Torture in Syria\u2019, New York Times, 21 January, online:\u00a0<a style=\"color: #ccffff;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2014\/01\/22\/world\/middleeast\/photo-archive-is-said-to-show-widespread-torture-in-syria.html\">https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2014\/01\/22\/world\/middleeast\/photo-archive-is-said-to-show-widespread-torture-in-syria.html<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ccffff;\">Ito, Takatoshi (2018) \u2018Changing International Financial Architecture: Growing Chinese Influence?\u2019,<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ccffff;\">Asian Economic Policy Review, Vol. 13, Issue 2, 6 July, pp.192-214<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ccffff;\">Jalabi, Raya (2014) \u2018Victims of Syrian regime honoured at DC&#8217;s Holocaust museum\u2019, The Guardian, 23 October, online:\u00a0<a style=\"color: #ccffff;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/artanddesign\/2014\/oct\/22\/victims-syrian-regime-honoured-dc-holocaust-museum\">https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/artanddesign\/2014\/oct\/22\/victims-syrian-regime-honoured-dc-holocaust-museum<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ccffff;\">Lund, Aron (2018) \u2018As Syria looks to rebuild, US and allies hope money can win where guns lost\u2019, The New Humanitarian, 22 May, online:\u00a0<a style=\"color: #ccffff;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thenewhumanitarian.org\/analysis\/2018\/05\/22\/syria-looks-rebuild-us-and-allies-hope-money-can-win-where-guns-lost\">https:\/\/www.thenewhumanitarian.org\/analysis\/2018\/05\/22\/syria-looks-rebuild-us-and-allies-hope-money-can-win-where-guns-lost<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ccffff;\">MEMO (2020) \u2018Official: US offered Syria president \u2018proposal\u2019 to ease his crisis\u2019, Middle East Monitor, 9 June, online:\u00a0<a style=\"color: #ccffff;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.middleeastmonitor.com\/20200609-official-us-offered-syria-president-proposal-to-ease-his-crisis\/\">https:\/\/www.middleeastmonitor.com\/20200609-official-us-offered-syria-president-proposal-to-ease-his-crisis\/<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ccffff;\">Nehme, Dahlia (2017) \u2018Syria sanctions indirectly hit children&#8217;s cancer treatment\u2019, Reuters, online:\u00a0<a style=\"color: #ccffff;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/us-mideast-crisis-syria-sanctions\/syria-sanctions-indirectly-hit-childrens-cancer-treatment-idUSKBN16M1UW\">https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/us-mideast-crisis-syria-sanctions\/syria-sanctions-indirectly-hit-childrens-cancer-treatment-idUSKBN16M1UW<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ccffff;\">OHCHR (2018) \u2018End of mission statement of the Special Rapporteur on the negative impact of unilateral coercive measures on the enjoyment of human rights to the Syrian Arab Republic, 13 to 17 May 2018\u2019, Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights, 17 May, online:\u00a0<a style=\"color: #ccffff;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=23094&amp;LangID=E\">https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=23094&amp;LangID=E<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ccffff;\">Rae, James (2020) \u2018The impact of China&#8217;s financial innovation on the world order\u2019, CGTN, 26 May, online:\u00a0<a style=\"color: #ccffff;\" href=\"https:\/\/news.cgtn.com\/news\/2020-05-24\/China-U-S-relations-to-improve-but-not-until-after-2020-is-over-QJn3RWsZVu\/index.html\">https:\/\/news.cgtn.com\/news\/2020-05-24\/China-U-S-relations-to-improve-but-not-until-after-2020-is-over-QJn3RWsZVu\/index.html<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ccffff;\">Reuters (2019) \u2018UAE reopens Syria embassy in boost for Assad\u2019, 27 December, online:\u00a0<a style=\"color: #ccffff;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/us-mideast-crisis-syria-emirates\/uae-reopens-syria-embassy-a-boost-for-assad-idUSKCN1OQ0QV\">https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/us-mideast-crisis-syria-emirates\/uae-reopens-syria-embassy-a-boost-for-assad-idUSKCN1OQ0QV<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ccffff;\">Rubin, Alissa J; Lara Jakes and Eric Schmitt (2020) \u2018ISIS Attacks Surge in Iraq Amid Debate on U.S. Troop Levels\u2019, New York Times, 10 June, online:\u00a0<a style=\"color: #ccffff;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2020\/06\/10\/world\/middleeast\/iraq-isis-strategic-dialogue-troops.html\">https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2020\/06\/10\/world\/middleeast\/iraq-isis-strategic-dialogue-troops.html<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ccffff;\">Schulz, Florence (2020) \u2018German court rejects last claim against Nord Stream 2\u2019, Euractiv, 13 March, online:\u00a0<a style=\"color: #ccffff;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.euractiv.com\/section\/energy\/news\/german-court-rejects-last-claim-against-nord-stream-2\/\">https:\/\/www.euractiv.com\/section\/energy\/news\/german-court-rejects-last-claim-against-nord-stream-2\/<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ccffff;\">SJAC (2020) \u2018The Caesar Act: Impacts and Implementation\u2019, Syria Justice and Accountability Centre\u2019, 20 February, online:\u00a0<a style=\"color: #ccffff;\" href=\"https:\/\/syriaaccountability.org\/updates\/2020\/02\/20\/the-caesar-act-impacts-and-implementation\/\">https:\/\/syriaaccountability.org\/updates\/2020\/02\/20\/the-caesar-act-impacts-and-implementation\/<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ccffff;\">Soleimani, Qasem (2019) \u2018Untold facts on Israel-Hezbollah war in an interview with Major General Qasem Soleimani\u2019, 1 October, online:\u00a0<a style=\"color: #ccffff;\" href=\"http:\/\/english.khamenei.ir\/news\/7074\/Untold-facts-on-Israel-Hezbollah-war-in-an-interview-with-Major\">http:\/\/english.khamenei.ir\/news\/7074\/Untold-facts-on-Israel-Hezbollah-war-in-an-interview-with-Major<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ccffff;\">Souri, Arabi (2020) \u2018The US Caesar sanctions, Washington\u2019s last stray bullet against Syria\u2019, Syria News, 9 June, online:\u00a0<a style=\"color: #ccffff;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.syrianews.cc\/the-us-caesar-sanctions-washingtons-last-stray-bullet-against-syria\/\">https:\/\/www.syrianews.cc\/the-us-caesar-sanctions-washingtons-last-stray-bullet-against-syria\/<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ccffff;\">Sterling, Rick (2016) \u2018The Caesar Photo Fraud that Undermined Syrian Negotiations\u2019, Dissident Voice, 3 March, online:\u00a0<a style=\"color: #ccffff;\" href=\"https:\/\/dissidentvoice.org\/2016\/03\/the-caesar-photo-fraud-that-undermined-syrian-negotiations\/\">https:\/\/dissidentvoice.org\/2016\/03\/the-caesar-photo-fraud-that-undermined-syrian-negotiations\/<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ccffff;\">Syria Times (2020) \u2018James Jeffrey admits Washington&#8217;s role in targeting the Syrian pound\u2019, 8 June, online:\u00a0<a style=\"color: #ccffff;\" href=\"http:\/\/syriatimes.sy\/index.php\/news\/regional\/49004-james-jeffrey-admits-washington-s-role-in-targeting-the-syrian-pound\">http:\/\/syriatimes.sy\/index.php\/news\/regional\/49004-james-jeffrey-admits-washington-s-role-in-targeting-the-syrian-pound<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ccffff;\">UNESCO (2019) \u2018Revive the spirit of Mosul: UNESCO in action\u2019, 13 November, online:\u00a0<a style=\"color: #ccffff;\" href=\"https:\/\/en.unesco.org\/news\/revive-spirit-mosul-unesco-action\">https:\/\/en.unesco.org\/news\/revive-spirit-mosul-unesco-action<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ccffff;\">Westcott, Ben and Hamdi Alkhshali (2019) \u2018China, Russia and Iran hold joint naval drills in Gulf of Oman\u2019, CNN, 27 December, online:\u00a0<a style=\"color: #ccffff;\" href=\"https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2019\/12\/27\/asia\/china-russia-iran-military-drills-intl-hnk\/index.html\">https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2019\/12\/27\/asia\/china-russia-iran-military-drills-intl-hnk\/index.html<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ccffff;\">Xinhua (2019) \u2018Economic sanctions have negative impacts on Syrian health sector: minister\u2019, 23 May, online:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ccffff;\">Xinhuanet (2020) \u2018Syria condemns U.S. sanctions act, 3 June, online:\u00a0<a style=\"color: #ccffff;\" href=\"http:\/\/www.xinhuanet.com\/english\/2020-06\/03\/c_139111514.htm\">http:\/\/www.xinhuanet.com\/english\/2020-06\/03\/c_139111514.htm<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ccffff;\">Dr. Tim Anderson is Director of the Sydney-based Centre for Counter Hegemonic Studies. He has worked at Australian universities for more than 30 years, teaching, researching and publishing on development, human rights and self-determination in the Asia-Pacific, Latin America and the Middle East. In 2014 he was awarded Cuba\u2019s medal of friendship. He is Australia and Pacific representative for the Latin America based Network in Defence of Humanity. His most recent books are:\u00a0<em>Land and Livelihoods in Papua New Guinea<\/em>\u00a0(2015),\u00a0<em>The Dirty War on Syria<\/em>\u00a0(2016), now published in ten languages;\u00a0<em>Countering War Propaganda of the Dirty War on Syria<\/em>\u00a0(2017) and\u00a0<em>Axis of Resistance: towards an independent Middle East<\/em>\u00a0(2019).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ccffff;\">Russia Insider Tip Jar:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ccffff;\"><strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><a style=\"color: #ccffff; text-decoration: underline;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.paypal.me\/RussiaInsider\">Paypal<\/a><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline; color: #ccffff;\"><strong><a style=\"color: #ccffff; text-decoration: underline;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.patreon.com\/TeamRussiaInsider\">Patreon<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Original source: <a href=\"https:\/\/ahtribune.com\/world\/north-africa-south-west-asia\/syria-crisis\/4218-trump-caesar-style-siege.html\">American Herald Tribune<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Without a hint of irony Donald Trump has announced the \u2018Caesar Syria Civilian Protection Act\u2019, to tighten the genocidal siege on the Syrian people<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":39262,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[83],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-208921","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-syria"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.thetruthseeker.co.uk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/208921","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.thetruthseeker.co.uk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.thetruthseeker.co.uk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.thetruthseeker.co.uk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/39262"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.thetruthseeker.co.uk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=208921"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.thetruthseeker.co.uk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/208921\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":208948,"href":"https:\/\/www.thetruthseeker.co.uk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/208921\/revisions\/208948"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.thetruthseeker.co.uk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=208921"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.thetruthseeker.co.uk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=208921"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.thetruthseeker.co.uk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=208921"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}