{"id":179519,"date":"2018-11-24T05:34:58","date_gmt":"2018-11-24T05:34:58","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.thetruthseeker.co.uk\/?p=179519"},"modified":"2018-11-27T06:54:00","modified_gmt":"2018-11-27T06:54:00","slug":"study-shows-60-of-britons-believe-in-conspiracy-theories","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thetruthseeker.co.uk\/?p=179519","title":{"rendered":"Study shows 60% of Britons believe in conspiracy theories"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\">Esther Addley \u2013 The Guardian Nov 23, 2018<\/h1>\n<div id=\"attachment_179523\" style=\"width: 550px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thetruthseeker.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/Conspiracy-theories.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-179523\" class=\"wp-image-179523\" src=\"https:\/\/www.thetruthseeker.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/Conspiracy-theories-1024x614.jpg\" alt=\" Those surveyed were asked about conspiracy theories including whether people were being lied to over alien contact, immigration figures, vaccine safety and parliamentary democracy. Click to enlarge\" width=\"540\" height=\"324\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.thetruthseeker.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/Conspiracy-theories-1024x614.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.thetruthseeker.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/Conspiracy-theories-300x180.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.thetruthseeker.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/Conspiracy-theories.jpg 1240w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 540px) 100vw, 540px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-179523\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Those surveyed were asked about conspiracy theories including whether people were being lied to over alien contact, immigration figures, vaccine safety and parliamentary democracy. Click to enlarge<\/p><\/div>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ccffff;\">Sixty per cent of British people believe at least one conspiracy theory about how the country is run or the veracity of information they have been given, a major new study has found, part of a pattern of deep distrust of authority that has become widespread across Europe and the US.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ccffff;\">In the UK, people who supported <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong><a style=\"color: #ccffff; text-decoration: underline;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/politics\/eu-referendum\" data-link-name=\"in body link\">Brexit<\/a><\/strong><\/span> were considerably more likely to give credence to conspiracy theories than those who opposed it, with 71% of leave voters believing at least one theory compared with 49% of remain voters.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ccffff;\">Almost half (47%) of leave voters believed the government had deliberately concealed the truth about how many<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong><a style=\"color: #ccffff; text-decoration: underline;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/uk\/immigration\" data-link-name=\"in body link\"> immigrants live in the UK<\/a><\/strong><\/span>, versus 14% of remain voters. A striking 31% of leave voters believed that Muslim immigration was part of a wider plot to make Muslims the majority in Britain, a conspiracy theory that originated in French far-right circles that was known as the \u201c<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong><a style=\"color: #ccffff; text-decoration: underline;\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_Great_Replacement_conspiracy_theory\" data-link-name=\"in body link\">great replacement<\/a><\/strong><\/span>\u201d. The comparable figure for remain voters was 60%.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ccffff;\">The disparities between those who voted for <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong><a style=\"color: #ccffff; text-decoration: underline;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/us-news\/donaldtrump\" data-link-name=\"in body link\">Donald Trump<\/a><\/strong><\/span> and <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong><a style=\"color: #ccffff; text-decoration: underline;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/us-news\/hillary-clinton\" data-link-name=\"in body link\">Hillary Clinton<\/a><\/strong><\/span> in the US was even more stark, where 47% of Trump voters believed that man-made global warming was a hoax, compared with 2.3% of Clinton voters.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ccffff;\">The figures were the result of a large-scale international project conducted over six years and in nine countries by researchers at the University of Cambridge and YouGov, funded by the <a style=\"color: #ccffff;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.leverhulme.ac.uk\/\" data-link-name=\"in body link\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Leverhulme Trus<\/strong><\/span>t<\/a>. The study was the most comprehensive examination of conspiracy theories ever conducted, and marks the first time academics have explored questions of conspiracy beliefs, social trust and news consumption habits across different countries.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ccffff;\">The researchers also found:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ccffff;\">15% of leave voters and 11% of remain voters in Britain believed that, regardless of who was officially in charge in government, the world was run by a secret global cabal of people who control events together.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ccffff;\">The most widespread conspiracy belief in the UK, shared by 44% of people, was that \u201ceven though we live in what\u2019s called a democracy, a few people will always run things in this country anyway\u201d.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ccffff;\">Mistrust of authority was high in the UK, with 77% of people trusting journalists \u201cnot much\u201d or \u201cnot at all\u201d; 76% distrusting British government ministers; and 74% distrusting company bosses.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ccffff;\">Friends and family, by contrast, were trusted by 87% and 89% of respondents respectively, potentially adding credence to news sources shared by social media contacts.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ccffff;\">Remain voters were more likely (50%) to use social media regularly for news than leave voters (34%), and more likely to read a newspaper website (by 41% to 18%). Of those who got their news from social media, Facebook was used frequently by more leave voters than remainers (74% leave, 65% remain), while the opposite was true of Twitter (39% remain, 28% leave).<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ccffff;\">Of the countries surveyed, Sweden was the least credulous of conspiracy theories, with 52% believing one or more of the theories polled by the researchers, as opposed to 85% for Hungary. In the US that figure was 64% and in France 76%.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ccffff;\">Prof John Naughton, the director of the press fellowship programme at Wolfson College and one of three University of Cambridge professors who led the research, said the study, which began in 2012, had been born out of an attempt to look at the \u201cnatural history\u201d of conspiracy theories.<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>47% of leave voters in the UK and 44% of Trump voters in the US believe the government is deliberately hiding the truth about how many immigrants are in their country<\/h4>\n<div id=\"attachment_179521\" style=\"width: 550px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/interactive.guim.co.uk\/uploader\/embed\/2018\/11\/conspiracy-zip\/giv-3902Q3dUt79m97U6\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-179521\" class=\"wp-image-179521\" src=\"https:\/\/www.thetruthseeker.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/stats.png\" alt=\"stats\" width=\"540\" height=\"405\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.thetruthseeker.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/stats.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.thetruthseeker.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/stats-300x225.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 540px) 100vw, 540px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-179521\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Click to see an enlarged graphic representation of the survey&#8217;s full findings.<\/p><\/div>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ccffff;\">The researchers had tried to be as broad as possible in their definition of the term as \u201ca theory that some actors have conspired to do something covertly, usually something dysfunctional or evil\u201d. As part of the study, they polled respondents about 10 theories, all of which had emerged from their research, in order to test how widely they were held.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ccffff;\">\u201cConspiracy theories are, and as far as we can tell always have been, a pretty important part of life in many societies, and most of the time that has gone beneath the radar of the established media,\u201d said Naughton. \u201cInsofar as people thought of conspiracy theories at all, we thought of them as crazy things that crazy people believed, [and that] didn\u2019t seem to have much impact on democracy.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ccffff;\">That dismissive attitude changed after the <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong><a style=\"color: #ccffff; text-decoration: underline;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/politics\/eu-referendum\" data-link-name=\"auto-linked-tag\" data-component=\"auto-linked-tag\">Brexit<\/a><\/strong><\/span> vote and the election of Trump in 2016, he said. \u201cWhatever else you think of Trump, he is a born conspiracy theorist. Trump was a kind of catalyst, in that somehow his election had the effect of mainstreaming conspiracy theories.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ccffff;\">In fact, the prevalence of conspiracy beliefs in human societies suggests they may have a function, said Naughton. \u201cIt\u2019s a way of trying to make sense of a complex and confusing world for an ordinary citizen.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ccffff;\">Fewer people, in the UK at least, believed some of the other theories tested by the researchers, including that the official account of the Holocaust was a lie (2%), that human contact with aliens had been hushed up (8%), that the truth about vaccines was being hidden (10%) and that the Aids virus was created and spread on purpose (believed by 4% of Britons, but 12% of French).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ccffff;\">Dr Hugo Leal, one of the project\u2019s researchers, said he and the other academics had been startled by the proportion of Trump and Brexit supporters who said they believed the grand replacement theory.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ccffff;\">He said: \u201cThis is intertwined with a broader conspiratorial outlook, which seems to link the Trump and Brexit camps. Indeed, both sides share attitudes and sentiments that transcend the mere conservative ideological affiliation. Our study shows that conspiracy theories are a central element to understanding a common political culture, which most scholars find hard to fathom.\u201d Leal described the shared attitudes as a \u201ctransatlantic conspiratorial axis\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ccffff;\">More than 11,500 people were surveyed online by YouGov across nine countries: France, Germany, the UK, Hungary, Italy, Poland, Portugal, Sweden and the US. The British sample size was 2,171 adults, which was weighted to be representative.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/society\/2018\/nov\/23\/study-shows-60-of-britons-believe-in-conspiracy-theories\">Source<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>This speaks volumes about the growing public mistrust of the authorities and their agents in the corporate media   <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":39262,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[61,58],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-179519","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-Commentary","category-Current_Affairs"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.thetruthseeker.co.uk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/179519","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.thetruthseeker.co.uk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.thetruthseeker.co.uk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.thetruthseeker.co.uk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/39262"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.thetruthseeker.co.uk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=179519"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.thetruthseeker.co.uk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/179519\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":179552,"href":"https:\/\/www.thetruthseeker.co.uk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/179519\/revisions\/179552"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.thetruthseeker.co.uk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=179519"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.thetruthseeker.co.uk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=179519"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.thetruthseeker.co.uk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=179519"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}